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Science Advances

October 13, 2022

1000 spider silkomes: Linking sequences to silk physical properties

Author:Kazuharu Arakawa^1,2,3,4*, Nobuaki Kono^1,3, Ali D. Malay⁵, Ayaka Tateishi^5,6, Nao Ifuku⁵, Hiroyasu Masunaga⁷, Ryota Sato^5,8, Kousuke Tsuchiya^5,6, Rintaro Ohtoshi^5,8, Daniel Pedrazzoli⁸, Asaka Shinohara⁸, Yusuke Ito⁸, Hiroyuki Nakamura^5,8, Akio Tanikawa⁹, Yuya Suzuki^10,11, Takeaki Ichikawa¹², Shohei Fujita¹³, Masayuki Fujiwara¹, Masaru Tomita^1,2,3, Sean J. Blamires¹⁴, Jo-Ann Chuah⁵, Hamish Craig^5,14, Choon P. Foong^5,6, Gabriele Greco¹⁵, Juan Guan¹⁶, Chris Holland¹⁷, David L. Kaplan¹⁸, Kumar Sudesh¹⁹, Biman B. Mandal^20,21,22, Y. Norma-Rashid²³, Nur A. Oktaviani⁵, Rucsanda C. Preda¹⁸, Nicola M. Pugno^15,24, Rangam Rajkhowa²⁵, Xiaoqin Wang²⁶, Kenjiro Yazawa⁵, Zhaozhu Zheng²⁶, Keiji Numata^5,6*

DOI:10.1126/sciadv.abo6043

1. Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University
2. Faculty of Environment and Information Studies
3. Graduate School of Media and Governance
4. Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
5. Biomacromolecules Research Team
6. Department of Material Chemistry
7. Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute
8. Spiber Inc.
9. Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences
10. Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences
11. The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences
12. Kokugakuin Kugayama High School
13. Graduate School of Agriculture
14. Evolution and Ecology Research Centre
15. Department of Civil
16. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering
17. Natural Materials Group
18. Department of Biomedical Engineering
19. School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia
20. Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering
21. Center for Nanotechnology
22. School of Health Sciences and Technology
23. Institute of Biological Sciences
24. School of Engineering and Materials Science
25. Institute for Frontier Materials
26. College of Textile and Clothing Engineering

The balance of crystalline and amorphous regions in the fibroin structure underpins the tensile strength of bagworm silk

From “1000 spider silkomes: Linking sequences to silk physical properties” by Kazuharu Arakawa et al.. Licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.

Abstract

Spider silks are among the toughest known materials and thus provide models for renewable, biodegradable, and sustainable biopolymers. However, the entirety of their diversity still remains elusive, and silks that exceed the performance limits of industrial fibers are constantly being found. We obtained transcriptome assemblies from 1098 species of spiders to comprehensively catalog silk gene sequences and measured the mechanical, thermal, structural, and hydration properties of the dragline silks of 446 species. The combination of these silk protein genotype-phenotype data revealed essential contributions of multicomponent structures with major ampullate spidroin 1 to 3 paralogs in high-performance dragline silks and numerous amino acid motifs contributing to each of the measured properties. We hope that our global sampling, comprehensive testing, integrated analysis, and open data will provide a solid starting point for future biomaterial designs.

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本研究の遂行に際し、当社は内閣府革新的研究開発推進プログラム（ImPACT）「超高機能構造タンパク質による素材産業革命」の助成を受けました。

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1000 spider silkomes: Linking sequences to silk physical properties

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